Develop a community action plan for shared natural resources

STEP 1

Thinking about the local area

For most of the activities/questions below, arrange the participants into small groups of five or six. You may decide to split the participants into groups of men, women and children as their answers will reveal a lot about their differences in perspective. After each activity ask the groups to present their ideas and allow plenty of time for general discussion.

• Draw a map of the geographical area. Include key points of interest/importance. What are the geographical limits of the focus area?
• What natural resources/ecosystems are there in the focus area? If you haven’t already done so, mark them on the map.
• How are these natural resources used by the men, women and children in the area?
• Are there any traditional beliefs and/or myths associated with these natural resources?
• What is happening to these natural resources?
• Are there any conflicts associated with the use of these natural resources?
• Are there any problems of pollution (water, soil, air) in the focus area? Mark them on the map.

STEP 2

What do we need to manage and protect? 

Bring everyone together and ask: which of the natural resources present in the focus area are most important in terms of usefulness and the need for more careful management / conservation?

In groups of two, rank the listed resources in order of importance (eg if there are 10 natural resources in the list, a score of 10 should be given to the one thought the most important followed by 9, 8 etc so the least important is given a score of 1). Add all the scores together to produce a ranked list.

In the following example, mangroves, broadleaf forest and dune vegetation – and possibly manatee – would be chosen as things that need managing and protecting as a priority. These are called conservation objects.

Natural resource	Rank
Mangroves	53
Broadleaf forest	24
Dune vegetation	22
Manatee	18
Fish of the lagoon	12
Water of the lagoon	4
Rivers and streams	2

           

STEP 3

What are the threats to the conservation objects?

Form small groups and ask each group to talk about one of the priority conservation objects. Ask them: 

• What are the most serious threats to the conservation object? 

Avoid talking about the causes of the threats at this point, just focus on what is actually happening to the conservation object. For example, the threats to the broadleaf forest might be: forest clearance; removal of mature trees; reduced length of traditional fallow period.

 

STEP 5

Who is responsible for the threats?

Ask the same groups: 

• Who are the main groups of people causing this destruction and degradation?

Write the answers on pieces of card and add them to the diagram, as shown opposite.

STEP 6

Development of a community action plan

Ask the groups to fill in the table below for their conservation object, using the ‘trees' of coloured card they have developed.

Although this seems like a big task, by this stage the participants will have thought deeply about each aspect of the problem and will find it surprisingly easy to fill in the table. The strategies and activities should not only take into account the threats and causes of the threats, but also the people responsible, aiming to involve them in tackling the problem wherever possible. At this point, think about any previous initiatives in order to learn from their failures and build on their successes.

Now put together the tables developed for each conservation object. You will have a community action plan for the rational use and conservation of the most important (and/or most threatened) natural resources in the focus area.

BROADLEAF FOREST AS AN EXAMPLE